SQL Firewall is a security solution that provides protection against SQL injection attacks by filtering and blocking potentially harmful SQL statements. In PostgreSQL, the pgBouncer connection pooler can be used as an SQL Firewall.
To protect your PostgreSQL databases from cyberattacks with SQL Firewall, you can follow these steps:
- Install and configure pgBouncer as an SQL Firewall:
- Install pgBouncer on a separate server from the PostgreSQL database server.Configure pgBouncer to act as a connection pooler for your PostgreSQL database.Enable query logging in pgBouncer to monitor and analyze SQL statements.
- Create SQL Firewall rules to block potentially harmful SQL statements:
- Define rules that specify which SQL statements are allowed and which ones are blocked.Use regular expressions to define patterns of SQL statements that are blocked.Configure pgBouncer to apply the SQL Firewall rules to incoming SQL statements.
- Monitor and analyze SQL traffic to detect and prevent cyberattacks:
- Use pgBouncer’s query logging to monitor and analyze SQL traffic.Set up alerts to notify you of suspicious SQL traffic, such as repeated failed login attempts.Use statistical analysis and machine learning to detect anomalies and identify potential attacks.
Here is a summary of the pg_stat_activity view in PostgreSQL, which can be used to monitor database activity and troubleshoot performance issues:
| Column name | Description |
|---|---|
| datid | OID of the database being accessed |
| datname | Name of the database being accessed |
| pid | Process ID of the backend process handling the connection |
| usesysid | OID of the user logged into the database |
| usename | Name of the user logged into the database |
| application_name | Name of the application connected to the database |
| client_addr | IP address of the client connected to the database |
| client_hostname | Hostname of the client connected to the database |
| client_port | Port number of the client connected to the database |
| backend_start | Timestamp of when the backend process handling the connection was started |
| xact_start | Timestamp of when the current transaction started |
| query_start | Timestamp of when the current query started |
| state_change | Timestamp of when the current state of the query was last changed |
| waiting | Flag indicating whether the process is waiting for a lock or other resource |
| state | Current state of the query or transaction |
| query | Text of the currently executing command, if any |
| backend_type | Type of backend process handling the connection |
| query_duration | Duration of the current query or transaction, if available |
| lock_type | Type of lock held by the process, if any |
| relation | OID of the relation being accessed, if any |
| grantor | OID of the user granting a lock or privilege, if any |
| grantee | OID of the user granted a lock or privilege, if any |
