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PostgreSQL Performance

Analyzing Index Bloat in PostgreSQL

Introduction: Index bloat can significantly impact the performance and storage efficiency of a PostgreSQL database. Therefore, to identify and understand the extent of index bloat, we can use the SQL query provided below. In this […]

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PostgreSQL Internals

How does PostgreSQL I/O Work?

In PostgreSQL, I/O (Input/Output) refers to the process of reading and writing data to and from storage devices, such as hard disks or SSDs. PostgreSQL manages I/O operations to efficiently store and retrieve data. Here’s […]

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PostgreSQL DBA

How to implement Encryption-at-Rest for PostgreSQL in Kubernetes?

Implementing encryption-at-Rest for PostgreSQL in Kubernetes involves configuring encryption for the persistent storage where PostgreSQL data resides. Below is a step-by-step explanation of how to achieve this, along with a real-world example: apiVersion: apps/v1kind: Deploymentmetadata:name: […]

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PostgreSQL Performance

How to gather statistics of PostgreSQL only when stale?

In PostgreSQL, you can gather statistics only when they become stale by using the pg_stat_statements extension along with the track_activity_query_size configuration parameter. Follow these steps to achieve this: CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements; 3. Query the pg_stat_statements […]