Implementing Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR) in MariaDB using MariaBackup involves creating backups and binary logs that allow you to restore the database to a specific point in time. This process is crucial for recovering from data corruption or loss. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
1. Regularly Backup Your Database
- Full Backup: Regularly perform a full backup of your database using MariaBackup. The command might look like:
|
mariabackup --backup --target-dir=/path/to/backup --user=username --password=password |
2. Enable Binary Logging
- Ensure binary logging is enabled in your MariaDB configuration (
my.cnf
or my.ini
file):
|
[mysqld] log_bin server_id = 1 |
- Binary logs record all changes to the database, which are necessary for PITR.
3. Periodic Incremental Backups (Optional)
- Incremental Backup: For minimizing data loss, consider taking incremental backups between full backups.
|
mariabackup --backup --target-dir=/path/to/inc_backup --incremental-basedir=/path/to/last_full_or_inc_backup --user=username --password=password |
4. Recording Binary Log Position
- When you perform a full backup, note the binary log position. MariaBackup outputs this information at the end of the backup process. This is crucial for PITR.
5. Restore the Full Backup
- In case of a failure, first, restore the full backup:
|
mariabackup --prepare --target-dir=/path/to/backup mariabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/path/to/backup |
- Ensure MariaDB server is stopped during the restore and the data directory is empty.
6. Apply Incremental Backups (If Any)
- If you have incremental backups, apply them in sequence after restoring the full backup:
|
mariabackup --prepare --target-dir=/path/to/full_backup --incremental-dir=/path/to/inc_backup |
7. Perform Point-in-Time Recovery Using Binary Logs
- Once the full (and incremental) backups are restored, use the
mysqlbinlog
tool to apply the binary logs up to the desired point in time.
- Apply the binary logs in sequence starting from the log file noted during the full backup:
|
mysqlbinlog --start-position=START_POSITION binlog.000001 | mysql -u username -p |
- Continue applying subsequent binary log files. If you know the exact point in time, use the
-stop-datetime
option in mysqlbinlog
.
8. Restart the MariaDB Server
- After applying the necessary binary logs, restart the MariaDB server.
9. Verify Data Integrity
- Verify the integrity and consistency of your data after the PITR process.
Conclusion
Point-in-Time Recovery in MariaDB using MariaBackup is a process of regular backups, binary log management, and careful restoration. It is essential for disaster recovery planning, allowing you to restore data up to a specific moment before a catastrophic event. Regular testing of your backup and recovery process is crucial to ensure data integrity and minimize potential downtime.